These are some basic functions that you will come across while learning C++.

Sorting
Use the std::sort() function to sort arrays and vectors in ascending order.
Sort will include the beginning pointer but not the ending pointer.
#include <algorithm>
sort(begin, end, wayToSort (optional))For arrays
int size = 5;
int myArray[size] = {45, 2, 76, 62, 15};
sort(myArray, myArray+size);or using C++ 11,
sort(begin(myArray), end(myArray));For vectors
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
vector<int> myVector = {98, 26, 72, 12, 35, 65};
sort(myVector.begin(), myVector.end());To sort in alphabetical order
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>
vector<string> myVector = {98, 26, 72, 12, 35, 65};
sort(myVector.begin(), myVector.end());Using a comparing function
Define your own function to use in sorting. To sort the above array in descending order:
bool wayToSort(int i, int j) { return i > j; }
sort(myVector.begin(), myVector.end(), wayToSort);Substring of a string
substr(position, length)If length is not given, the string up to the end is taken.
string myString = "This is a sentence";
myString.substr(5, 2); //"is"
myString.substr(10); //"sentence"Happy coding in C++!